This paper will address the factors that determine the satisfaction and performance of the employees in Karnataka’s passenger road transport industry. The main aim was to establish the significant contributing attributes to work satisfaction among employees, such as public and private institutions’ drivers, conductors, mechanics and administrative employees. Data has been gathered through a combination of surveys and interviews over a broad sample group, and hypothesis testing has been conducted to help show the relationship between job satisfaction and employee performance. The research determines that the following are some key factors influencing job satisfaction, including compensation and benefits, work environment, stability in the job, career advancements, management support, work-life balance, and workload, among others. Findings show that job satisfaction positively correlates with employee performance, with compensation, work environment and support offered by the management being considered among the most critical factors. 

Sustainable infrastructure and innovation-drivengrowth is pivotal to realizing the vision of Viksit Bharat (@2047, ensuring long-term economic prosperity social inclusivity, and environmental resilience. India’s transition towards a developed economy demandslarge-scale investments in green,resilient, and digitallyintegrated infrastructure, complemented by robust innovation ecosystems. Leveraging renewable energy.smart mobility, low-carbon urban planning, andclimate-adaptive infrastructure can significantly reduce ecological footprints while enhancing productivity.Innovation-led strategies, fuelled by research and development, public-private partnerships, and technology transfer, can foster industrialcompetitiveness, generate high-quality employment and bridge urban-rural development gaps.Econometric evidence suggests that a 1% increase in infrastructure investment can boost GDP growth by up to 0.7%, while innovation intensity positively correlates with export performance and productivity gains. Policy alignment with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), coupled with fiscal reforms, digital governance, and capacity building, will be crucial to achievingbalanced regional development. By integratingsustainability and innovation at the core of growthstrategies, India can position itself as a global leader ingreen technology, climate action, and inclusivedevelopment, ensuring that the economictransformation towards Viksit Bharat@2047 is both equitable and future-ready. The study explores urgent and emerging challenges that are becomingincreasingly relevant in today’s rapidly evolving and interconnected world, highlighting their importance in the present global context.

Financial inclusion has emerged as a core priority in India’s rural development agenda, aiming to ensure that farmers—often among the most financially vulnerable groups—gain equitable access to credit, subsidies, and insurance. This study examines the awareness, access, adoption, and challenges associated with the Pradhan MantriKisanSamman Nidhi (PM-KISAN) and Kisan Credit Card (KCC) schemes among farmers in Davangere district, Karnataka, during 2023–24. A descriptive and analytical research design was employed, with primary data collected from 200 farmers through structured questionnaires and interviews, and secondary data sourced from the PM-KISAN portal, NABARD district reports, and Ministry of Agriculture publications. The study highlights minimal integration between direct benefit transfers like PM-KISAN and credit schemes such as KCC, limiting potential synergies.The paper recommends targeted KCC awareness campaigns via Farmer Producer Organisations (FPOs) and panchayats, simplification of documentation through digital KYC, integration of PM-KISAN beneficiary lists with KCC eligibility, enhanced enrolment of women farmers via SHGs and cooperatives, and strengthening rural bank capacity to reduce processing delays. The conclusion emphasises that aligning operational frameworks of PM-KISAN and KCC, along with institutional strengthening and gender-inclusive outreach, can substantially enhance financial inclusion and agricultural growth in Davangere district.

This study investigates the influence of ChatGPT, a generative AI tool, on teaching effectiveness and student engagement in teacher education institutions of Bagalkote district. A descriptive–correlational research design was adopted, involving 30 teacher educators and 120 student-teachers from six B.A. colleges. Data were collected using a self-developed Likert-scale questionnaire covering two domains: (1) Perceived Impact of ChatGPT on Teaching Effectiveness, and (2) Perceived Impact on Student Engagement. Descriptive statistics revealed a high level of positive perception among both teachers and students. Pearson correlation analysis indicated a significant positive relationship between the use of ChatGPT and student engagement (r = 0.72, p < 0.01). Results suggest that AI-assisted teaching strategies enhance lesson preparation, instructional delivery, and active participation. The study emphasizes the potential of AI integration in higher education pedagogy, while recommending structured training for educators.

The entrepreneurial environment in rural India has become a landmark change in bringing social-economic change. In modern India, particularly in the empowerment of women, rural entrepreneurship has emerged as one of the revolutionary changes in socio-economic development processes. With the country moving towards the vision Viksit Bharat 2047, rural women are being more and more placed in the role of agents of change, as they do not just serve as the source of income to the household but also contribute to community development. The paper states that future strategies should focus on the availability of finance, comprehensive capacity-building initiatives, mentorship programs, and awareness campaigns to overcome stereotypes and establish an enabling environment to become an entrepreneur. To sum up, rural entrepreneurship is a crucial tool in the economic, social, and psychological empowerment of women, which is why it can become an important asset to the development of a more inclusive growth and transformation of India into a developed state by 2047.

The transition to a green economy is a critical pathway for India in achieving sustainable development, climate resilience, and inclusive growth. This paper examines the role of public expenditure and investments in fostering the green economy in India, with a focus on renewable energy, sustainable agriculture, waste management, and green infrastructure. Using secondary data from government reports, international agencies, and academic studies, this study analyses trends in public spending and highlights their implications for economic growth and environmental sustainability. The findings suggest that while India has made significant progress in renewable energy investments and policy initiatives, challenges remain in financing, institutional coordination, and regional disparities. Strengthening public investment, mobilizing private finance, and aligning fiscal policies with sustainability goals are imperative for accelerating India’s green transition.

 “Viksit Bharat” or “Developed India” is a vision aimed at transforming India into a modern, prosperous, inclusive, and sustainable nation by the year 2047 and marking 100 years of independence. The core objectives of this mission include achieving rapid economic growth, ensuring social equity, strengthening infrastructure, promoting innovation and digital transformation, and protecting the environment. It envisions a self-reliant India with improved living standards, robust governance, and opportunities for all. However, realizing this vision poses several challenges such as poverty, unemployment, income inequality, regional disparities, climate change, and the need for strong institutional reforms. Overcoming these obstacles will require coordinated efforts from government, industry, and citizens. Thus, the journey toward Viksit Bharat is both an opportunity and a responsibility to build a developed, inclusive, and sustainable India for future generations.

India’s vision of Viksit Bharat 2047 emphasizes inclusive growth, universal healthcare, and socio-economic equity. The AYUSH system—comprising Ayurveda, Yoga & Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homoeopathy—has emerged as a significant pillar in achieving these goals. AYUSH education, when strategically developed, can bridge socio-economic gaps by improving healthcare access, creating employment opportunities, and strengthening traditional knowledge systems. This article examines the role of AYUSH education in reducing socio-economic disparities, drawing upon secondary data from government reports, WHO documents, NITI Aayog strategies, and published literature. The study has one major objective—to analyze how AYUSH education can catalyze inclusive growth in India—and two minor objectives: (i) to evaluate the accessibility, affordability, and employment potential of AYUSH education, and (ii) to explore policy frameworks supporting AYUSH as a driver of inclusive development. Findings indicate that AYUSH contributes significantly to low-cost healthcare delivery, rural employment, and women’s empowerment, though challenges remain in terms of research infrastructure, curriculum modernization, and global acceptance. The paper concludes with policy recommendations to strengthen AYUSH education as a sustainable pathway toward an equitable, developed India by 2047.

India, as the world’s largest democracy and fifth largest economy, stands at the threshold of historic transformation. The Government of India’s Viksit Bharat 2047 vision outlines a roadmap for India’s evolution into a developed nation by its centenary of independence. Unlike earlier developmental strategies that emphasized only economic growth, this vision encompasses social inclusion, environmental sustainability, governance reforms, and global leadership. The study attempts to provide a comprehensive analysis of the multidimensional challenges and opportunities before India. It synthesizes existing literature on growth models, highlights the research gap, and proposes a conceptual framework for achieving the 2047 goals. The findings underscore the significance of human capital investment, digital innovation, institutional efficiency, and climate-conscious development as key drivers. Achieving this vision will require structural reforms, inclusive policies, and global cooperation.

The purpose of this study is to compare the banks that possess highly developed e‑banking services with the ones that do not have such facilities or have very little e‑banking infrastructure in place. The dimensions of focus are operational efficiency, cost, customer satisfaction, service quality, accessibility, trust/security, and business performance. The study employs both primary (questionnaires) and secondary (published research, financial reports) data, with a focus on banks in [country, e.g. India / your country of study]. Outcomes are likely to indicate that banks with e‑banking enjoy cost-saving, customer-base, and satisfaction benefits but also encounter issues (security, digital competence, infrastructure). Recommendations will speak to how conventional banks can metamorphose.

This paper examines the critical roles of Education, Social Mobility, and Empowerment in achieving the vision of Viksit Bharat (Developed India) by 2047. The ‘Viksit Bharat’ mission aims to transform India into a high-income, developed nation by focusing on its youth, poor, women, and farmers. Education is fundamental, as it builds essential human capital, drives economic growth, fosters innovation, and ensures social inclusion. Social mobility is vital for creating a merit-based society, maximizing human resource utilization, and reducing inequality. Empowerment strategies, including educational, economic, and social measures, are necessary to address existing challenges like the urban-rural gap, gender inequality, and the intergenerational poverty cycle. Overcoming these barriers through targeted solutions will unlock India’s true potential, ensuring a prosperous, equitable, and globally competitive future.

Viksit Bharat 2047 is the vision of India’s transformation into a developed, inclusive, and sustainable nation as it approaches the centenary of independence. This vision rests on the foundation of education, which is both an enabler of change and a driver of innovation. Quality education, accessible to all, is central to bridging socio-economic divides and creating a knowledge-driven economy. Alongside academic excellence, moral education plays a vital role in shaping character, ethical responsibility, and a sense of national duty among citizens. By nurturing values such as integrity, empathy, and social harmony, India can ensure that progress is not only material but also deeply human-centric.
A critical dimension of this journey is strengthening social mobility, enabling individuals from all strata to rise through merit, skills, and opportunities. This requires targeted interventions in rural education, skill development, digital inclusion, and equitable access to resources. Empowerment, especially of women, youth, and marginalized communities, lies at the core of creating an inclusive society. Encouraging entrepreneurship, encouraging innovation, and expanding access to decision-making processes are essential means of fostering empowerment in everyday life.
Strategies for achieving Viksit Bharat 2047 must integrate technological advancement with cultural values, sustainable economic growth with social fairness, and global competitiveness with local identity. Key strategies include restructuring learning systems to blend academic knowledge with vocational and digital skills, promoting decentralized governance for participatory development, and ensuring policies that balance rapid modernization with environmental stewardship. By investing in human capital and reinforcing democratic institutions, India can aspire toward becoming a developed nation that embodies prosperity, equity, and resilience.
Thus, Viksit Bharat 2047 envisions not just economic progress, but a morally enlightened, socially mobile, and empowered India, driven by holistic strategies of inclusive development.

AI is a system with capabilities that surpass human intelligence and a technology that imitates human cognitive abilities. In today’s era, it is being used in almost every sector such as business, commerce, healthcare, education, transportation, and agriculture. India, in its pursuit of the dream of becoming a “Developed Nation”, has placed strong emphasis on technology-driven growth. In this context, the use of AI contributes to the country’s economic progress, industrialization, innovation, and sustainable development. At the same time, challenges need to be addressed through proper strategies. The appropriate use of Artificial Intelligence plays a decisive role in making India a revolutionary nation on the path toward becoming a developed country.

Viksit Bharat @ 2047 is the Government of India’s vision to transform the country into a developed nation by its 100th year of Independence in 2047. The initiative focuses on achieving comprehensive and sustainable development through inclusive growth, innovation and good governance. In this direction, the Govt. of India invited ideas and suggestions from its citizens across India to throw light on this vision especially in the field of empowering youth, the poor, women and farmers with strategic priorities in areas like education, health care, infrastructure, and technology. Hence today’s National Seminar is also organized on the prime motive of gathering ideas to focus on the vision of Viksit Bharat. At this juncture, I chose a subtheme titled Education, Social Mobility and Empowerment, so that to provide insights on the above areas with regard to Viksit Bharat 2047. 
Education, Social Mobility and Empowerment all these three aspects are interrelated each other. A) Education: “Education is a process of gaining knowledge, Skills, & Art, so that to earn livelihood and to lead an independent life.” Hence, Education plays vital role in bringing social change not only at micro level, but also at macro level.
B) Social Mobility: “Social Mobility is a movement of an individual and a social group from one social position to another.” Further Education is observed as one of the prominent factors of social mobility.
C) Empowerment: “Empowerment is a process of obtaining Power, Right, and Capability of taking decisions and performing duties.” It signifies becoming Stronger, Self-Reliant, and capable of doing duties by gaining Knowledge, Skills and Resources. Education will be the strong foundation for Social Mobility & Empowerment for Viksit Bharat 2047
 At outset, from various researches and studies it is strongly believed that, Education is the only means to advance and empower our nation economically, technologically, culturally, politically and socially as a whole. In this regard, various questions arise before us that, what kind of education we need. What will be our dimensions of Education? In this regard, I brought some suggestions, which could justify the objectives of today’s seminar topic. Let us look at a little glance on the dimensions of Education that could help to empower the people so that to empower the nation and thereby create social mobility in the life of the people of the nation.

The 21st century has brought new opportunities as well as challenges for women. Globalization, digital technology, and progressive policies have opened doors for women to pursue education, careers, and leadership roles. In 2025, women empowerment and education remain central to building an inclusive and progressive society. Education is the foundation of empowerment, giving women knowledge, confidence, skills, and opportunities to participate equally in economic, social, political, and technological fields. The growth of digital learning, skill development, and global awareness has expanded opportunities, yet barriers like the digital divide, gender inequality, and patriarchal norms continue. This paper highlights how education in 2025 acts as a catalyst for gender equality, sustainable development, and social transformation. 
Women empowerment through education is one of the most significant factors for achieving gender equality, sustainable development, and social progress. Education gives women knowledge, skills, and confidence to participate in decision-making at household, community, and national levels. In the 21st century, women have achieved remarkable progress in education, yet challenges such as gender bias, socio-economic barriers, and cultural constraints still exist. This paper discusses the role of education in empowering women, its impact on society, and the challenges and opportunities for ensuring inclusive and equitable education for all women.

Education is a pivotal factor in promoting social mobility and empowerment, enabling individuals to transcend socio-economic barriers and unlock their potential. This concept explores the interplay between education, social mobility, and empowerment, highlighting the ways in which quality education can foster economic growth, social inclusion, and individual agency. By examining the complex relationships between education, social mobility, and empowerment, this concept aims to inform strategies for promoting equitable access to education and opportunities for all, ultimately contributing to a more just and prosperous society.

Migration, both internal and international, is a defining feature of globalization and human mobility in the 21st century. While migration provides economic, social, and cultural benefits, it also creates challenges for sustainable development. Recognizing its importance, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development integrates migration within several goals, most notably SDG 10.7 (facilitating safe, regular, and responsible migration). This paper examines the relationship between migration and the SDGs, analyzing its opportunities, risks, and long-term implications for development. It further highlights policy recommendations to maximize the positive contributions of migration while minimizing adverse effects.

The Aim was “To study the Life style and Life satisfaction among Rural and Urban Youth”. The purpose of the study was to find out current status of Life style and Life satisfaction among Rural and Urban Youth. The total sample of 100 (50 students from rural area and 50 students from urban area) young people. Age between 18-30 year old young people to participate in the study from different rural and urban areas. The participants completed Life style scale developed by S. K. Bawa and S. Kaur (2012) and Students’ life satisfaction scale (SLSS) developed by Huebner (1991) was used to measure life satisfaction. The obtained data was analyzed by using mean, SD and‘t’- test. Further, Spearman’s coefficient of correlation was applied. The result of the study concluded that there is a significant difference between rural and urban youths on Life style, and there is a significant difference between life satisfaction among rural and urban youths. Also, there is a significant relationship between Life style and life satisfaction among rural and urban youth.

India has set a national vision of becoming a developed nation by 2047, known as Viksit Bharat 2047. This dream cannot be achieved only through economic growth, industrial progress, or digital transformation. The true foundation of a developed India must rest on the strong pillars of social justice, equality, and inclusion. Without removing the deep-rooted inequalities in caste, class, gender, region, and religion, development will remain incomplete and unequal.
This paper explores how social justice and equality can act as guiding principles in India’s journey towards 2047. It highlights the importance of fair access to education, healthcare, employment, and digital opportunities for every citizen, especially the marginalized and vulnerable groups. The paper also discusses the role of constitutional values, government schemes, and civil society in promoting inclusion and bridging social gaps. It argues that justice and equality are not only moral requirements but also practical needs for sustainable growth and national unity.
The study concludes that Viksit Bharat 2047 will only be possible when every Indian, irrespective of caste, creed, gender, or economic background, has equal opportunities and a fair share in the nation’s progress. By placing social justice and equality at the heart of development planning, India can truly realize the vision of an inclusive, prosperous, and harmonious society by 2047.

Pregnancy is a critical period in a woman’s life, marked by profound physiological, psychological, and social changes. The quality of support received during this time—particularly emotional and spousal support—plays a pivotal role in shaping maternal health outcomes. This study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design to examine the socio-demographic determinants of emotional and spousal support among pregnant women in Hukkeri and Khanapur talukas of Karnataka. The present study focuses on Hukkeri and Khanapur talukas in Karnataka, two regions with distinct socio-cultural profiles. By examining the socio-demographic characteristics of women in these areas, the research aims to understand how factors such as age, religion, caste, education, occupation, income, and family type influence the support received during pregnancy. The study adopts a comparative approach, analyzing data from 80 respondents—40 from each taluka—to identify patterns and correlations that can inform targeted interventions. This study highlights the critical role of socio-demographic factors in shaping emotional and spousal support during pregnancy. The findings reveal that variables such as education, income, caste, and family structure significantly influence the quality and extent of support received by expectant mothers.

This paper attempts to consider the challenges to women empowerment and gender equality in India and highlights the challenges to women empowerment and gender equality. Today the empowerment of women has become one of the most important concerns of 21t century. The study is based on purely from secondary sources. It is found that acceptance of inequality gender norms by women are still prevailing in the society. The study concludes by an observation that access to Social Challenges Faced by Women, Economic Challenges Faced by Women, Political Challenges Faced by Women and others Challenges Faced by Women. 

This article explores the critical interplay of social mobility, education, and empowerment in the context of Indian society. Historically constrained by the rigid caste system and deep-seated inequalities, India views education as the single most powerful instrument of change. It functions as the primary vehicle for both vertical and intergenerational mobility, enabling individuals to transcend traditional barriers of class, caste, and gender. Empowerment—social, economic, and political—is simultaneously a goal and a process, ensuring that marginalized groups, including SCs, STs, OBCs, and women, gain agency and access to opportunities. While constitutional safeguards, modern education, and globalization have fostered significant progress and the rise of a new middle class, challenges like unequal quality of education, the digital divide, and persistent discrimination continue to limit equitable advancement. The interconnectedness of these three pillars is foundational to achieving a truly just and egalitarian Indian society.

Gender equality and women empowerment are central to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, reflected directly in Sustainable Development Goal 5 (SDG 5) and indirectly across other goals. Ensuring equal opportunities for women in education, employment, politics, and decision-making not only enhances social justice but also contributes to inclusive economic growth and environmental sustainability. This article explores the significance of gender equality in achieving SDGs, identifies the challenges faced by women globally, and highlights strategies, policies, and best practices that can accelerate progress. It concludes that gender equality is not simply a moral imperative but also an economic and social necessity for sustainable development.

Education is more than the simple transmission of knowledge; it is the cornerstone of personal growth, social transformation, and collective progress. Empowerment, on the other hand, is the process of enabling individuals or communities to gain control over their lives, make informed choices, and actively participate in society. The connection between education and empowerment is both direct and profound—education equips people with knowledge, skills, confidence, and critical thinking abilities that enable them to challenge inequalities and reshape their destinies. In modern societies, education has become not only a basic human right but also a crucial tool for empowerment across gender, caste, class, and regional divides.
This article explores the multidimensional relationship between education and empowerment, analyzing its historical roots, contemporary importance, challenges, and transformative potential.

This article explores the fundamental roles of Education, Social Mobility, and Empowerment as interconnected pillars of individual and societal progress. Education is defined as the formal and informal process of acquiring knowledge, skills, values, and character, which is crucial for personal potential and societal advancement. Social mobility—the movement between socio-economic strata—is significantly influenced by educational attainment, with upward mobility often signaling greater equality of opportunity. Empowerment is presented as the process of gaining control over one’s life, fostered by self-determination, access to resources, and critical consciousness. Ultimately, the study highlights how quality education acts as a key catalyst, driving upward social mobility and facilitating individual and group empowerment, thereby leading to a more equitable and developed society.

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is poised to fundamentally transform India’s education system, making learning more personalized, effective, and universally accessible. Achieving this goal, which is crucial for realizing the vision of Viksit Bharat 2047 (Developed India 2047), requires a strategic focus on infrastructure, teacher training, and ethical guidelines.
This chapter examines the impact of AI on the transformation of educational paradigms. The influence of AI utilization in the current global educational framework and within the Indian context has been examined. The chapter also discusses the challenges and obstacles that AI in education faces, along with various measures needed to overcome them and ensure impartial and efficient implementation. This chapter also explores how the use of AI tools for academic tasks and other purposes affects students, including their perceptions of the cognitive and academic impacts and their views on using AI tools in high-stakes situations. The chapter also provides statistical information and a summary of the actions and needs for Indian educational institutes to use AI in a way that is equitable and has room to expand. Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Viksit Bharat, Educational Paradigms, Indian Educational Platforms, Future-ready India. Introduction A new era of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been embarked in the 21st century. This has revolutionized the way people live, work, and engage with one another in all 6 The Transformative Role of Artificial Intelligence in Education.