In the film industry, movie ratings are now a vital predictor of box office success. For personalized recommendation systems, which rely on reliable and effective models to produce accurate results, accurate prediction of these ratings is also essential. Using the IMDb dataset, this study investigates the use of machine learning techniques in movie rating analysis and recommendation systems to forecast movie rating categories and produce customized movie recommendations. A brief comparison with deep learning architectures is also provided. The results of this study provide a useful resource for future developments in movie rating prediction, assisting practitioners and researchers in enhancing recommendation systems’ efficacy.

This paper presents a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) examining the economic impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on employment, productivity, and market structures within the digital economy. Following the PRISMA protocol, 78 peer-reviewed studies and institutional reports (2015–2025) were synthesized. The literature consistently reveals that AI produces a dual labor market effect - displacing routine occupations while generating new AI-complementary roles - with net positive but unequally distributed employment outcomes. Productivity gains are significant at the firm level but contingent on complementary organizational investment and show delayed aggregate effects. AI also intensifies market concentration, reinforcing winner-takes-most competitive dynamics through data-driven network effects. Policy implications span labor transition, competition regulation, and digital governance.

The rapid integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into educational systems has generated significant interest in its potential to transform instructional effectiveness. Empirical evidence comparing AI-assisted learning with traditional teaching methods remains limited. This study investigates the impact of AI-supported instructional models on student academic performance and engagement using a controlled quantitative experimental design. A total of 150 students were assigned to three instructional conditions: AI tutoring, blended AI–human instruction, and traditional classroom teaching. Academic performance and engagement were measured following a structured instructional intervention. Independent sample t-tests and one-way ANOVA were applied to evaluate statistical differences across groups. Results indicate that AI-assisted environments significantly outperform traditional instruction in both performance and engagement metrics, with blended AI–human instruction producing the strongest outcomes. The findings provide robust quantitative evidence supporting the integration of AI as a collaborative educational tool rather than a replacement for educators. This study contributes to evidence-based educational innovation by demonstrating that strategically implemented AI systems enhance learning effectiveness while preserving the essential role of human pedagogy. 

The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI), digital transformation, and climate-driven economic restructuring is redefining workforce dynamics across India. Karnataka, as a leading technology-driven state, faces both unprecedented opportunities and emerging structural challenges in aligning its skill ecosystem with evolving labor market demands. Despite its strong IT presence in cities such as Bengaluru, regional disparities persist in districts like Dharwad and Bagalkot, where skill mismatches, digital exclusion, and limited green economy integration constrain sustainable career development. This study examines the structural skill gaps in Karnataka and proposes an integrated sustainable skill ecosystem that combines AI competencies, green economy transition, and inclusive workforce policies. Drawing upon Human Capital Theory, Sustainable Career Theory, the Capability Approach, and Lifelong Learning frameworks, the paper analyzes how digital transformation and climate commitments reshape employment pathways. It argues that bridging skill gaps requires ecosystem-based governance, industry-academia collaboration, green skill alignment, and inclusive access to lifelong learning systems. The study provides policy recommendations tailored to Karnataka’s socio-economic context, emphasizing regional equity, digital inclusion, and sustainable workforce transformation. The findings contribute to the discourse on AI and society by proposing a regionally grounded yet globally relevant model for inclusive and future-ready career development. 

The digital economy is described as economic operations enabled by digital tools, such as the internet, vast datasets, cloud services, and increasingly AI. The digital economy signifies a fundamental transformation in value creation, trade, and allocation. Artificial intelligence (AI) is considered the core driver of the 2026 digital economy. It helps in boosting productivity and transforming business models. Artificial intelligence (AI) means making computers do things that normally need human intelligence. Artificial Intelligence is usually defined as a set of technologies that can imitate human intelligence in the process of problem-solving. In the case of the impact of AI on the digital economy, it enhances efficiency and productivity, enhances customer engagement, speeds up innovations, accelerates economic growth, and addresses global challenges. AI technology is incorporated into different sectors like banking, health, education, tourism, etc., in various ways. Through some case studies, it is made clear that AI is deeply adopted in the Indian Economy.

Multidisciplinary research has become a crucial driver of innovation, economic growth, and societal progress in the modern global economy. Complex economic challenges such as technological transformation, climate change, inequality, and public health crises require integrated solutions that transcend traditional disciplinary boundaries. This paper examines how multidisciplinary research contributes to innovation, productivity enhancement, policy effectiveness, and sustainable development from an economic perspective. It also explores theoretical foundations, economic implications, challenges, and policy recommendations, supported by academic research and institutional reports. Multidisciplinary research has emerged as a critical driver of innovation, productivity, and economic transformation in the modern knowledge-based economy. Complex socio-economic challenges such as climate change, technological disruption, public health crises, and inequality require integrated solutions beyond traditional disciplinary boundaries. This paper examines the role of multidisciplinary research in fostering innovation, enhancing economic growth, improving policy effectiveness, and promoting sustainable development. It also explores theoretical foundations, economic implications, institutional challenges, and policy recommendations. The study concludes that multidisciplinary collaboration is essential for accelerating technological breakthroughs and achieving inclusive economic development. 

Financial technology (FinTech) has become one of the focal points of financial inclusion policies across the world, and especially in emerging and developing economies. Digital payment systems, mobile banking systems, app-based credit, and micro-savings are products that are massively marketed as solutions to traditional barriers to access that came with traditional financial institutions. The article constructs a conceptual framework that shows the mediating and moderating role of behavioural barriers, cognitive ability constraints, and structural limitations on the relationship between FinTech access and financial well-being. The study helps to develop a more intricate perception of digital financial inclusion, as its framing of financial inclusion as a capability-based and outcome phenomenon, as opposed to a technological state, helps to enrich the concept of financial inclusion. The suggested framework provides both theoretical understanding and practical direction to policymakers, FinTech innovators, and development agencies who aim to develop inclusive and sustainable digital financial ecosystems. 

The sugarcane sector plays a vital role in Karnataka’s agrarian economy, yet its marketing systems face persistent challenges such as price volatility, supply-chain inefficiencies, delayed payments, market information asymmetry, and sustainability concerns. This study examines the potential of integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) to enhance the sustainable development of sugarcane marketing systems in Karnataka. The research explores how AI-based tools-such as predictive analytics, demand forecasting, smart logistics, digital market platforms, and real-time price intelligence-can improve market efficiency, transparency, and farmer income stability. Using field-level observations, stakeholder analysis, and secondary data evaluation, the study assesses current marketing constraints and evaluates AI-driven solutions for optimizing procurement, transportation, storage, and mill operations. The findings suggest that AI integration can reduce market uncertainties, improve decision-making, enhance value-chain coordination, and support environmentally and economically sustainable marketing practices. However, successful adoption depends on digital infrastructure development, farmer awareness, policy support, and institutional coordination. The study concludes that AI-enabled marketing reforms can significantly strengthen sugarcane value chains and contribute to inclusive and sustainable agricultural development in Karnataka.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as one of the most transformative technologies of the 21st century, significantly influencing global economic development. AI enhances productivity, drives innovation, improves governance, and creates new employment opportunities. However, it also introduces serious challenges such as job displacement, inequality, ethical concerns, and regulatory complexities. This paper examines the historical evolution of AI, analyzes its economic opportunities and risks, presents sector-wise impacts, and proposes policy measures to ensure inclusive and sustainable growth. The study concludes that balanced governance, investment in human capital, and ethical AI frameworks are essential for maximizing benefits while minimizing risks. 

Artificial Intelligence (AI) advancements are driving a massive, global investment boom in infrastructure such as data centers, semiconductors, and specialized software which is significantly contributing to GDP growth unlike the task-based model of automation that has been applied to previous technologies. Artificial intelligence has similar scale advantages and may be an important driver of the superstar firms phenomenon. These support the hypothesis that intangible assets propel growth and global economic system the purpose of investment of the largest firms and industry contribute to increased industry concentration. Its share of artificial intelligence jobs is highest in the technology sector, but the rate of increase in artificial intelligence investments over time is similar across sectors. At the firm level, to achieve growth in artificial intelligence investments is more pronounced among ex ante larger firms and firms with higher cash holdings. Looking at the local labor market conditions, we observe that higher-wage and more educated areas experience faster growth. Our analysis suggests that the recent investments in artificial intelligence-related categories have contributed significantly to the real GDP growth in 2025. It has surpassed the contribution of income tax components to the real GDP growth made during the dot-com boom, both in levels and as a share of GDP capital investment perspective, we examined the near-term boost to growth from increased investment in research and development, infrastructure, software creation and company adoption. It highlights of the organizations that have successfully launched at least one artificial intelligence initiative anticipate that artificial intelligence will revolutionize their entire business and operational models.

The concept of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become one of the most defining factors that have changed the way modern society operates, especially the ways in which young people and learners communicate and establish social relations. With the social media algorithms driven by AI, smart learning applications, and others, technology is mediating human interrelationships and transforming social norms, identities, and interrelation relationships. The current paper expounds on the complex impact of Artificial Intelligence on social relationships among the youth and learners, both enabling and disruptive impacts. Although AI also helps people connect, collaborate, and receive individualized learning opportunities, it brings up issues related to decreased face-to-face communication, emotion dependency on technology, the impact of algorithms on social behavior, and the question of ethics. Based on sociological, psychological, and educational viewpoints, the paper evaluates the ways AI transforms peer relationships, teacher-students interaction, and social development of learners. Of particular attention is the role of AI in educational settings, in which intelligent systems mediate the communication processes, assessment, feedback, as well as social learning settings. The paper also addresses the consequences of socialization through AI to emotional intelligence, empathy, digital citizenship, and value creation in young people. This research paper presents a human-focused and ethically sound strategy to implement AI in education and social life by using a critical assessment of opportunities and risks. What lies ahead in terms of AI-mediated relationships is not just in the technological development but whether educators, policymakers, and societies are aware enough to steer AI toward the growth of meaningful human relationships, as opposed to their decline.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become a powerful enabler in contemporary language education, offering innovative tools that support learner autonomy, engagement, and communicative competence. AI-based tools such as intelligent tutoring systems, adaptive learning platforms, speech recognition software, and conversational agents are increasingly used to personalize learning experiences and provide continuous feedback. From a pedagogical perspective, these tools have the potential to empower language learners by shifting control of learning from teacher-centered instruction to learner-centered, self-regulated practices. This paper examines how AI-based tools contribute to learner empowerment in language education by enhancing access, personalization, confidence, and communicative practice. It also critically analyzes pedagogical challenges related to ethical use, over-dependence on technology, cultural limitations, and the changing role of teachers. The paper argues that AI should be integrated as a supportive pedagogical partner rather than a substitute for human interaction, ensuring that language learning remains meaningful, inclusive, and socially grounded.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force in language education, reshaping how learners acquire, practice, and apply linguistic skills. By enabling intelligent feedback, adaptive learning environments, and interactive communication platforms, AI supports more personalized, flexible, and data-driven language learning experiences. This paper explores how “smart words”-AI-mediated linguistic inputs and interactions-contribute to “smarter learning” by enhancing learner autonomy, engagement, and communicative competence. It examines major AI applications in language education, including intelligent tutoring systems, conversational agents, automated assessment tools, and generative language models. Alongside its pedagogical benefits, the paper critically discusses challenges such as ethical concerns, over-reliance on technology, digital inequality, and the redefinition of the teacher’s role. The paper concludes that AI, when thoughtfully integrated, can enrich language education by complementing human pedagogy rather than replacing it, leading to more inclusive, reflective, and effective learning environments.

Reading science fiction is in a way walking into the amazing field of facts and fantasy combined with scientific elements in it. Isaac Asimov, the Russian-American writer, wrote this fantastic story for the American magazine in 1977 on the occasion of Valentine’s Day. The story revolves around the idea of match making with the help of a computer program and data bank. It is an ideal example for the present generation to think in terms of valuing humanity instead of running after man’s gifts of intelligence by being unethical. The story is a combination of many thematic contrasts. It is narrated in the voice of a computer program Joe (as our present day Artificial Intelligence), from the perspective of robots for human beings. Irony is that, though Joe (Robot) fixes the match for its master/creator, but ditches its master by fixing the match for itself by superseding him. The story written in 1977 is timeless for its unique quality of universal truth and relevance. 

Artificial intelligence has become a paradigmatic shift in education generally, while simultaneously offering individualized experiences in English language learning. A discussion is presented on how AI is being applied in personalized English language learning, while particular attention is paid to the various tools created to support this initiative, such as adaptive learning systems, chatbots, and automated feedback platforms. Key technologies machine learning and natural language processing-enable these tools to provide learners with customized content, real-time feedback, and ample opportunity for interactive language skills practice. This research also underlines the major benefits of AI in improving engagement, increasing accessibility, and enhancing learning efficiency. However, it also brings forth key challenges related to persistent data privacy, socioeconomic barriers in accessing technology, and overdependence on AI tools. This paper outlines the potential of AI in bringing about a revolution in English language learning by underlining its limitations, which, in turn, call for human intervention. This study, in its final arguments, advocates for ways the complete potential of AI could be realized and proffers a strong argument for a hybrid model in which the traditional pedagogy should meet AI pedagogy to ensure the inclusion and effectiveness of learning. Artificial Intelligence is transforming language learning, making it more efficient and accessible. This article explores how AI can personalize lessons, enhance conversations, and provide real-time feedback to help learners improve faster.

People think Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein is just some ordinary ghost story. They are dead wrong. It is a cold, naked post-mortem of human ambition and a swollen, unrestrained ego. This paper digs into the tragedy of Victor Frankenstein and his nameless orphan. The real horror doesn’t come from the unnatural act of stitching dead flesh together. The true monster is the creator’s own spine-chilling cowardice and the sheer betrayal of abandoning his own flesh and blood. Victor’s blinding arrogance, the creature begging for a little connection, and the ruthless society that turns his pain into pure vengeance-the novel rips off the civilized masks of humanity. Ultimately, this paper is a blood-soaked charge sheet against a world that butchers what it cannot understand, holding up a mirror and forcing you to stare right into the eyes of the real monster of the modern age. 

Renewable energy plays a crucial role in mitigating climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions, enhancing energy efficiency, and promoting sustainable development. This study examines the contribution of renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, hydro, and geothermal power in reducing dependence on fossil fuels, which are the primary sources of carbon emissions. The transition to renewable energy not only helps limit global temperature rise but also improves energy security, reduces air pollution, and supports economic growth through job creation in the green energy sector. Renewable energy technologies are central to the decarbonization of the power sector, while advancements in energy storage and grid management enhance system reliability and stability. Moreover, increased adoption of renewable energy mitigates adverse health impacts associated with air pollution and supports the achievement of global climate objectives outlined in international frameworks such as the Paris Agreement. Using quantitative data on emission reductions, energy efficiency improvements, and economic outcomes from countries implementing large-scale renewable energy strategies, this paper provides a concise assessment of the role of renewable energy in climate change mitigation. 

Geography is a subject that mainly relies on field surveys, remote sensing, and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to interpret and analyze the environmental processes and spatial distributions of natural and social objects. However, these traditional methods have limitations in handling large and complex data sources. The recent developments in artificial intelligence tools with the support of GIS, known as Geographical Artificial Intelligence (GeoAI), offer an opportunity to perform spatial analysis using automation and pattern recognition, and by making predictions as well. In this article, an effort has been made to observe the transition of Geography from conventional GIS, remote sensing, and aerial photography to GeoAI by comparing their processes, advantages, and applications, and demonstrated in urban planning, environmental and disaster management, transportation, and agriculture with Indian and global examples. Besides, issues of data accessibility and generalization, model interpretability, computational requirement, and ethics have also been discussed. The present study concludes that GeoAI could be an excellent source to shift from descriptive to predictive geography to help spatial decision-making and sustainable development. 

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is swiftly reshaping the relationship among technology and society, raising profound moral, cultural, and epistemological questions. Beyond its monetary and business implications, AI is more and more influencing how knowledge is produced, interpreted, and preserved, especially in rising interdisciplinary domains consisting of digital archaeology. This study examines the societal dimensions of AI by using analysing its ethical implications, transformative opportunities, and structural challenges, with unique attention to AI-driven applications in digital archaeology. From an ethical point of view, AI systems introduce vital concerns surrounding data ownership, algorithmic bias, transparency, responsibility, and cultural representation. In history and archaeological contexts, these troubles come to be especially sensitive, as AI tools are regularly trained on incomplete, choppy, or culturally located datasets. Without careful governance, AI dangers reproducing historical biases, misinterpreting cultural artefacts, or commodifying heritage through automatic evaluation. For this reason, advanced ethical frameworks that combine technological duty with cultural sensitivity are essential. At the identical time, AI offers unparalleled opportunities for archaeological research and heritage upkeep. Machine learning, computer vision, and pattern recognition technologies permit speedy analysis of excavation records, automatic classification of artefacts, predictive modelling of site places, and high-resolution reconstruction of damaged or lost historical past. Those tools enhance research efficiency, expand analytical abilities, and democratise access to cultural know-how via virtual information and immersive technologies. AI-driven digital archaeology also fosters interdisciplinary collaboration, linking computational sciences with historical inquiry. But, the integration of AI into society and archaeology is not without challenges. Unequal technological access, methodological overreliance, interpretive obstacles, and ethical governance gaps remain chronic issues. This paper argues that AI’s societal function should be understood not merely as technological advancement however as a socio-technical transformation requiring essential reflection, regulatory oversight, and human-focused design. Responsible AI adoption can in the long run strengthen each scientific discovery and cultural stewardship.

Through a comprehensive review of existing literature and case studies, we examine the factors that facilitated the spread of Jainism in Karnataka, including royal patronage, economic influences, and social dynamics. We also consider the contemporary relevance of Jain principles in a diverse society. The state’s historical rulers, including the Rashtrakutas, Hoysalas, and the Vijayanagara Empire, not only embraced Jainism but also provided substantial patronage, facilitating the construction of temples and monuments that reflect the religion’s core values. Early Jain literature, comprising the Agamas (canonical texts) and subsequent commentaries, offers an invaluable, often overlooked, source for reconstructing the socio-economic history of ancient India (6th century BCE – 6th century CE). These texts, often written in Ardha-Magadhi Prakrit, provide detailed, realistic, and sometimes satirical accounts of daily life. Along with the monks, the Jain laity also contributed to the development of vernacular literature. They studied theological literature, with the help of some knowledgeable person. Chaturmal studied ‘Harivamsa Puran’ and other Jain puranic literature with Dhawal Pandit in the late seventeenth century of the Vikram era. Jain texts provide a vivid, detailed account of trading activities in North India, describing bustling urban centers like Rajagriha, Campa, Pataliputra, and Vaisali. The prosperous class of bankers, merchants, and landlords, offering insights into luxury, with mentions of, for instance, opulent houses, varied dishes, and precious stones. While not overtly rejecting the Varna system, the Jain laity also contributed to the development of vernacular literature. They studied theological literature, with the help of some knowledgeable person. Chaturmal studied ‘Harivamsa Puran’ and other Jain puranic literature with Dhawal Pandit in the late seventeenth century of the Vikram era. 

In India, a devadasi is a female artist dedicated to worshipping and serving a deity or a temple for the rest of her life. Devadasi translates as “female slave to god.” Women’s conditions continue to deteriorate under this system. Efforts to abolish the Devadasi System almost always encounter resistance due to strong underlying beliefs about caste and culture, as well as community acceptance of the system. In addition, inadequate rehabilitation (e.g. lack of vocational skills and job opportunities), lack of awareness, and weak enforcement of the laws create further challenges for complete elimination of the system. They are ostracized because of their caste. Hence, inevitably, all of them are either illiterate or have received very little education, with no means for a stable income. The only jobs they can get are those of street cleaners or sewage collectors. Parents are therefore forced to act as pimps for their daughters and dedicate them as Devadasis in the hope of finding a means of survival.
The modern iteration of the devadasi system, while not nearly as pervasive both in terms of influence and sheer numbers as in the past, is one that continues to promote the sexual exploitation of lower caste girls in India. The system is also, especially in its current form, inextricably linked to poverty and tradition. The devadasi system is currently most common in Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and Maharashtra, where it is especially common among the “Beriya” and “Nat” communities. They were not permitted to marry human husbands due to their devadasi status.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is emerging as a transformative force capable of accelerating sustainable development and strengthening good governance in India. As a rapidly developing economy with vast demographic diversity, India can leverage AI to address structural challenges in healthcare, education, agriculture, urban planning, environmental management, and public administration. AI-enabled predictive analytics, precision agriculture, personalized learning systems, smart infrastructure, and digital governance platforms have the potential to enhance efficiency, transparency, accountability, and citizen-centric service delivery.
By supporting data-driven policymaking and targeted welfare implementation, AI can contribute significantly to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) while promoting inclusive growth. However, the adoption of AI in India also presents critical challenges. Persistent digital divides, inadequate data quality, infrastructure gaps, skill shortages, ethical concerns, algorithmic bias, privacy risks, and the absence of comprehensive regulatory frameworks may hinder equitable implementation. Moreover, the environmental footprint of large-scale AI systems raises sustainability concerns. This paper examines the opportunities and risks associated with AI deployment in India’s governance and development landscape. It argues that a balanced, ethical, and inclusive AI strategy-supported by robust data governance, capacity building, and citizen participation-is essential for harnessing AI as a catalyst for sustainable and accountable governance in India.

The Babaladi Mata (or Babalad Shri Sadashiva Math) in Vijayapura district, Karnataka, is a renowned spiritual center that acts as a focal point for social cohesion, community welfare, and cultural preservation in the region. The Babaladi Math is primarily associated with the teachings of Sadashiv Mutya (a revered saint) and is known for its annual Jatra (fair) and Karnika (divine prophecies). The Babaladi Mata’s social contribution usually focuses on the impact of faith-based institutions on rural development and their ability to address societal problems through voluntary action and community gatherings.
These institutions frequently function as centers for spiritual guidance, education, and social welfare, thereby having a multifaceted impact on the local communities. The societal norms, cultural values, and religious practices of the people in Karnataka have been significantly influenced by the community organization practices of Babaladi Mata, resulting in a distinctive blend of tradition and progress. Based on the provided search results, there is no specific academic or published study on the comprehensive social contributions of the Babaladi Mata in Karnataka.
Investigates the role of Babaladi Matas in promoting community development, social welfare, and cultural preservation by conducting a qualitative analysis of secondary sources, such as academic literature, case studies, and reports. The study emphasizes the substantial influence that Babaladi Matas have had on the well-being and empowerment of local populations by establishing local shrines, sacrosanct complexes, and various community support initiatives. Religious organizations in India are increasingly participating in corporate social responsibility (CSR) and community development.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force in historical research and archival studies, reshaping traditional methodologies of data analysis, interpretation, and preservation. The rapid digitization of historical sources such as manuscripts, inscriptions, administrative records, and visual materials has created vast datasets that require advanced computational tools for effective analysis. AI technologies, including machine learning, Optical Character Recognition (OCR), and Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR), enable historians and archivists to process, classify, and interpret these sources with greater accuracy and efficiency. In archival studies, AI facilitates automated cataloguing, metadata generation, enhanced retrieval systems, and digital preservation of fragile materials. Furthermore, AI supports interdisciplinary research by integrating historical inquiry with digital humanities and data science. However, the application of AI also raises critical challenges related to algorithmic bias, contextual misinterpretation, ethical concerns, and data authenticity. This study examines the role, potential, and limitations of Artificial Intelligence in historical research and archival practices, arguing that AI, when used responsibly, serves as a powerful complementary tool that enhances scholarly rigor while preserving human interpretative authority in understanding the past. 

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is changing the way Indian banks work and interact with their customers. From smarter chatbots and automated loan approvals to better fraud detection and easier access to banking in rural areas, AI is making banking more efficient and accessible. Over the last few years, banks across India have increasingly turned to AI tools—like chatbots, machine learning, and robotic process automation—to serve customers better, cut costs, and stay competitive. This review pulls together the latest research (2024–2026) to look at how AI is being used, what benefits it brings, and what challenges remain. While AI is helping banks work faster, reduce mistakes, and reach more people, there are still important questions about data privacy, cybersecurity, fairness, and what happens to jobs as more tasks are automated. The review suggests that for AI to keep benefiting Indian banking, banks must invest in strong digital infrastructure, upskill their employees, and ensure that ethical and regulatory safeguards are in place.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming digital marketing by helping businesses improve customer engagement, personalize marketing activities, and make better business decisions. This study examines the impact of AI on digital marketing in Karnataka using data collected from 385 respondents, including consumers, professionals, entrepreneurs, and students. A descriptive research design was adopted, and primary data were collected through a structured questionnaire, while secondary data were obtained from books, journals, and other reliable sources.
The study analyzes respondents’ awareness, adoption, and perception of AI-based digital marketing tools such as chatbots, recommendation systems, predictive analytics, and personalized advertising. The findings indicate that AI positively influences customer engagement, marketing effectiveness, and business performance. Respondents believe that AI improves customer experience, supports personalized marketing, and enhances operational efficiency. However, challenges such as data privacy concerns, high implementation costs, and the need for skilled professionals continue to affect AI adoption.
The study concludes that AI has a significant positive impact on digital marketing in Karnataka. It recommends that organizations invest in AI technologies, employee training, ethical AI practices, and data security to maximize marketing performance and customer satisfaction. The findings provide useful insights for marketers, researchers, business organizations, and policymakers in promoting the effective use of AI in digital marketing.