Agricultural Migration: Exploring the Socio-economic Realities of Migrated Women Sugarcane Workers

Abstract

The agriculture sector in India provides employment opportunities to approximately 52% of the population, making it the largest employment generator in the country. In the second quarter of 2024, agriculture contributed ₹5,320.92 billion to India’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Additionally, the sector accounted for about USD 48.9 billion in exports by 2024, reflecting an 8% decline compared to 2023.
Often referred to as the backbone of India, agriculture plays a vital role in the nation’s economic development. However, the sector faces numerous challenges, including environmental uncertainties, loss of arable land, insufficient irrigation and storage facilities, inadequate minimum support prices for crops, and slow adoption of advanced technologies. Despite various government initiatives and programs aimed at revitalizing agriculture, the desired level of growth remains elusive.
These challenges often lead to migration within the agricultural workforce. This study focuses on the issues faced by women who migrated from Tamil Nadu and parts of Bellary in Karnataka to Ganadalu village in Mandya district for employment in sugarcane cultivation. The research findings are presented in detailed tables to provide insights into their experiences and challenges.